Analyse des facteurs environnementaux d’émergence et de développement de maladies en commune VI du District de Bamako

Abstract

The uncontrolled urbanization of African cities has led to a deterioration in the living environment of city dwellers, affecting their state of health, especially in areas lacking an adequate sanitation system. Subject to a strong urban growth with its corollary of lacks of sanitation services, commune VI of the District of Bamako is not an exception of this situation. One notice the spread of many pathologies posing public health problems. In order to investigate the interrelationships between environmental factors and the prevalence of some diseases, an exploratory survey was carried out among 329 households in February 2018. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics methods. The results show that the commune VI is experiencing increasing insalubrity affecting the environment and the health of the populations. The lack of an adequate sanitation system and the insufficiency of works are at the base of the hygiene problems in commune VI. The main diseases revealed by the surveys are mainly malaria, acute respiratory infections (ARI) and diarrheal diseases. This highlights the problem of sanitation and its corollary of diseases linked to environmental problems affecting populations. The preponderant weight of environmental conditions in the occurrence of these pathologies makes it possible to consolidate views on the links between health and the environment. Moreover, these interactions reflect the impact of the very precarious living conditions of a large margin of the population. These results suggest an integrated approach to health, environment and poverty issues in urban development policies.