Cadre de prévention primaire des maladies émergentes sensibles au climat à travers le prisme de la santé planétaire : le cas de la maladie de Lyme au Québec

Auteurs

  • Kossi Eden Andrews Adandjesso Université de Montréal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4314/rasp.v6i3.12

Mots-clés:

Prevention, climate change, Lyme disease, planetary health, emerging diseases, controversies, diagnoses, access to care

Résumé

Cet article met en contexte le changement climatique et son impact sur la santé des populations en mettant en lumière l’émergence des maladies infectieuses sensibles au climat. En prenant comme exemple la maladie de Lyme au Québec, il vise deux objectifs. Tout abord, l’article montre que le système de soins québécois, voire canadien, est défaillant par rapport à l’accessibilité aux de traitement de cette maladie. Par conséquent, il met ensuite en avant la nécessité d’optimiser la santé des populations en proposant le renforcement de la dimension préventive de cette pathologie à travers la définition d’un cadre d’intervention axé sur la santé planétaire. Pour ce faire, nous avons défini une démarche méthodologique basée sur une revue narrative et sur la mobilisation de quelques médiatiques. Les résultats de cette revue permettent de considérer que les controverses entourant les diagnostics et les traitements justifient les difficultés inhérentes à l’accès aux soins. Ce qui, par conséquent, démontre les limites du système de soins au Canada et au Québec en particulier. À cet égard, l’article démontre la nécessité de renforcer les stratégies de prévention primaire en mobilisant la santé planétaire comme principal cadre préventif. Ainsi, les résultats de la revue narrative ont permis de définir à partir de la santé planétaire des stratégies d’intervention préventive. Ces stratégies définies forment le cadre préventif proposé pour guider la prévention primaire des maladies d’origine climatique notamment la maladie de Lyme. Il s’agit de : la préservation des écosystèmes ; la lutte contre le changement climatique ; l’éducation et sensibilisation communautaire ; l’adoption des comportements préventifs ; l’agriculture durable et biodiversité ; et de la surveillance environnementale.

Références

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Dauphinais-Pelletier, C. (2023). Piqûre de tique : Voici comment la reconnaître et quoi faire pour éviter la maladie de Lyme. Société & Santé. Consulté à l’adresse https://www.24heures.ca/2022/05/03/vous-avez-ete-pique-par-une-tique-voici-tout-ce-quil-faut-faire-pour-eviter-la-maladie-de-lyme

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Depietropaolo, D. L., Powers, J. H., Gill, J. M., & Foy, A. (2005). Diagnosis of Lyme disease. American Family Physician, 72(2), 297‑304.

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Emilie M. Gaudet, Odette N. Gould, & Vett Lloyd. (2019). Parenting When Children Have Lyme Disease : Fear, Frustration, Advocacy. 7(3), 95. doi: 10.3390/healthcare7030095

Fagen, J. L., Shelton, J. A., & Luché-Thayer, J. (2023). Medical Gaslighting and Lyme Disease : The Patient Experience. 12(1), 78. MDPI.

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Gasmi, S., Ogden, N. H., Lindsay, L. R., Burns, S., Fleming, S., Badcock, J., … Russell, C. (2017). Maladie de Lyme au Canada, de 2009 à 2015. Relevé des maladies transmissibles au Canada, 43(10), 219‑225.

Gilbert, A., Kérisit, M., Dallaire, C., Coderre, C., & Harvey, J. (2005). Les discours sur la santé des organismes franco-ontariens : Du rapport Dubois à la cause Montfort. Reflets, 11(1), 20‑48. Érudit. doi: 10.7202/013058ar

Gortázar, C., Ferroglio, E., Höfle, U., Frölich, K., & Vicente, J. (2007). Diseases shared between wildlife and livestock : A European perspective. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 53, 241‑256.

Gould, L. H., Nelson, R. S., Griffith, K. S., Hayes, E. B., Piesman, J., Mead, P. S., & Cartter, M. L. (2008). Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding Lyme disease prevention among Connecticut residents, 1999–2004. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 8(6), 769‑776.

Guilbaud, G. M. (2019). «Maladie de Lyme». Quand des médecins refusent de soigner. Écologie & politique: sciences, culture, société, (58), 107‑134.

Guivarch, C., & Taconet, N. (2020). Inégalités mondiales et changement climatique. Revue de l’OFCE, 165(1), 35‑70.

Haines, A., & Ebi, K. (2019). The imperative for climate action to protect health. New England Journal of Medicine, 380(3), 263‑273.

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2025-01-01

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Adandjesso, K. E. A. (2025). Cadre de prévention primaire des maladies émergentes sensibles au climat à travers le prisme de la santé planétaire : le cas de la maladie de Lyme au Québec. Revue Africaine Des Sciences Sociales Et De La Santé Publique, 6(3), 167-182. https://doi.org/10.4314/rasp.v6i3.12

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